AWS Classification Explained: What Does ER2594 Mean?
The following table indicates the AWS A5.9 category for ER 2594 and how it makes this wire effective in super duplex mode.
| Component |
Meaning & Specification |
Key Benefit |
| ER |
Electrode/Rod: Bare solid wire per AWS A5. 9. |
Suitable for high-precision TIG, MIG, and SAW welding processes. |
| 25 |
25% chromium-base alloy content. |
Provides the primary oxidation and corrosion resistance for extreme environments. |
| 9 |
9% Nickel: Targeted nickel content. |
Balances the microstructure to ensure a 50/50 ratio of austenite and ferrite. |
| 4 |
4% Molybdenum: High molybdenum addition. |
Significantly increases resistance to localized pitting and crevice corrosion. |
ER2594 features 25% Cr, 9.5% Ni, 4% Mo, and 1% W, enriched with 0.20-0.30% nitrogen to achieve a PREN > 40. This high-strength filler offers exceptional pitting resistance, guaranteeing metallurgical compatibility with super-duplex base metals when conventional alloys are inadequate.
Chemical Composition of ER2594 Weld Deposit (%)
Refer to the following table for the standard chemical composition and elemental weight percentages of the ER2594 all-weld metal deposit.
| Material / Element |
Carbon (C) |
Chromium (Cr) |
Nickel (Ni) |
Molybdenum (Mo) |
Nitrogen (N) |
Tungsten (W) |
Copper (Cu) |
Manganese (Mn) |
Silicon (Si) |
Phosphorus (P) |
Sulphur (S) |
Iron (Fe) |
| AWS A5.9 Range |
0.03% max |
24.0-27.0% |
8.0-10.5% |
2.5-4.5% |
0.20-0.30% |
1.0% max |
1.5% max |
2.5% max |
1.0% max |
0.03% max |
0.02% max |
Remainder |
The conventional chemical ranges for ER2594, including 24.0–27.0% chromium, 2.5–4.5% molybdenum, and 0.20–0.30% nitrogen, yield a PREN value of ~43.9. This score far exceeds the 40-point extreme environment criterion.
All-Weld-Metal Mechanical Properties of ER2594
Consult the following table for the mechanical property values of ER2594 all-weld metal, including tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
| Property |
Tensile Strength |
Yield Strength |
Elongation |
| Ultimate Range |
758 – 850 MPa (110,000 – 123,000 psi) |
650 MPa (94,000 psi) Minimum |
15% Minimum |
Base Metal Compatibility for ER2594
Refer to the matrix below to determine ER2594 base metal compatibility and matching super duplex grades for optimal metallurgical bonding.
| Base Metal |
UNS |
P-Number |
Group |
Notes |
| Super Duplex 2507 |
S32750 |
P-10H |
1 |
Primary application |
| Zeron 100 |
S32760 |
P-10H |
1 |
Metrode/Rolled Alloys grade |
| Ferralium 255 |
S32550 |
P-10H |
1 |
Langley Alloys grade |
| DP-3 |
S31260 |
P-10H |
1 |
|
| ASTM A890 castings |
Various |
– |
– |
Super duplex casting alloys |
For dissimilar joints, ER2594 welds super duplex to carbon steel, standard duplex 2205, and austenitic stainless grades. It can also over-match ER2209 on 2205 in warm seawater service above 40°C.
Recommended Welding Parameters for ER2594 TIG & MIG Wire
To maintain arc stability and penetration, the following table lists ER2594 TIG and MIG wire welding parameters and technical settings.
| Process |
Diameter |
Amps (A) |
Volts (V) |
Shielding Gas |
| GTAW |
1.6 mm |
80-120 |
10-14 |
100% Ar (99.995%) |
| GTAW |
2.4 mm |
110-160 |
12-16 |
100% Ar |
| GTAW |
3.2 mm |
140-200 |
13-18 |
100% Ar |
| GMAW (short arc) |
0.9 mm |
80-130 |
17-21 |
Ar + 2% O2 |
| GMAW (spray) |
1.2 mm |
170-250 |
27-32 |
Ar + 2% O2 |
Root back purge with Ar + 2-5% N2 is mandatory; pure argon purge is prohibited for super duplex root welds because nitrogen loss causes excess ferrite and drops PREN below 40. Stringer beads are preferred. Ferrite measurement, ASTM G48 pitting test at 40-50°C, and Charpy impact at -46°C are mandatory for WPS qualification.
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Industrial Welding Applications of ER2594 Super Duplex Filler Wire
The following are the industrial applications of ER2594 Super Duplex Filler Wire:
Available Forms, Diameters, and Packaging of ER2594 Filler Wire
Review the data below for available forms, standard diameters, and packaging options for ER2594 filler wire to suit your specific production and delivery requirements.
| Form |
Diameters |
Packaging |
| TIG Rod |
1.6, 2.4, 3.2 mm |
5 kg tubes, 1000 mm lengths |
| MIG Spool |
0.9, 1.2, 1.6 mm |
D200 (12.5 kg), D300 (15 kg) |
| SAW Wire |
2.4, 3.2, 4.0 mm |
25 kg coils |
How to Order ER2594 Welding Wire from Nicorex Alloys
To place an order for the ER2594 Welding Wire, please provide the following 10 details:
Frequently Asked Questions