AWS Class E316LT1-1/T1-4 Flux Core
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E316LT1-1/T1-4 Flux Cored Wire Supplier in Mumbai, India
Nicorex Alloys is an ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified supplier and importer of E316LT1-1/T1-4 stainless steel flux cored wire based in Mumbai, India. We provide these flux-cored wires as classified under AWS A5.22 and ASME SFA 5.22.
E316LT1-1/T1-4 flux cored wire weld deposit contains 18-19% Cr, 12-13% Ni, and 2.0-3.0% Mo with carbon at 0.04% max. That molybdenum content raises the Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) above 23, giving quantifiable resistance to localised corrosion. In process environments where chloride-induced pitting and crevice corrosion attack the weld zone faster than any other degradation mechanism, AWS A5.22 E316LT1-1/T1-4 flux cored wire deposits the molybdenum-enriched weld metal that 316/316L stainless steel service demands. This gas-shielded rutile-type cored electrode carries dual designations: E316LT1-1 for 100% CO2 and E316LT1-4 for 75-80% Ar / 20-25% CO2 (UNS W31635). Tensile strength meets 520 MPa (75,000 psi) minimum per AWS, with typical results at 85,000 psi (570 MPa) and elongation at 30% minimum. Ferrite content of 8-12 FN resists hot cracking.
Available diameters are 0.9 mm (0.035″), 1.2 mm (0.045″), and 1.6 mm (1/16″). Welding runs on DCEP in all positions. Compatible base metals include 316, 316L, 316LN, 317, 317L, CF-3M, and CF-8M castings. Industries served span offshore, marine, chemical processing, pharmaceutical, desalination, and pulp and paper. We are also a distributor of molybdenum-bearing FCAW consumables sourced from reputed global mills. Every spool ships with MTC 3.1 per EN 10204.
E316LT1-1/T1-4 Flux Core Specifications
The table below provides the E316LT1 specifications that apply to the molybdenum-bearing stainless steel flux-cored wire:
| AWS Specification | AWS A5.22/A5.22M:2012 |
|---|---|
| ASME SFA | SFA 5.22 |
| UNS Number | W31635 (T1-1 and T1-4) |
| Welding Process | FCAW-G (Gas Shielded) |
| Flux Type | Rutile (Titania-based) |
| Polarity | DCEP |
| Positions | All (Flat, Horizontal, Vertical-Up, Overhead) |
| Shielding Gas |
T1-1: 100% CO2, 35-50 cfh (15-25 L/min) T1-4: 75-80% Ar / 20-25% CO2, 35-50 cfh (15-25 L/min) |
| Diameters | 0.9 mm (0.035″), 1.2 mm (0.045″), 1.6 mm (1/16″) |
| CTWD | 15-30 mm (5/8″-1-1/4″) |
| Spool Sizes | 5 kg, 12.5 kg (28 lb), 15 kg (33 lb) |
| Deposition Efficiency | ~80-88% |
Understanding the AWS A5.22 Classification: E316LT1-1 and E316LT1-4
Every character in the AWS A5.22 designation communicates a specific attribute. Each element in the E316LT1-1 and E316LT1-4 is broken down in the table below:
| Designator | Meaning |
|---|---|
| E | Electrode- carries welding current to the arc |
| 316L | Weld deposit: 18Cr-12Ni-2.5Mo low-carbon austenitic stainless. “L”= ≤0.04% C. Prevents sensitisation. |
| T | Tubular electrode (flux cored) |
| 1 | All-position capable (flat, horizontal, vertical-up, overhead). |
| -1 | Shielding gas: 100% CO2 |
| -4 | Shielding gas: 75-80% Ar / 20-25% CO2 mix |
The defining difference between E316LT1 and E308LT1 is molybdenum. E316LT1 requires 2.0-3.0% Mo, while E308LT1 permits only ≤0.75% Mo (typical values near zero). This raises the weld deposit PREN to above 23, compared to approximately 19-20 for E308LT1. The higher PREN translates directly into superior resistance to chloride-induced pitting and crevice corrosion in seawater, brackish water, and chemical process streams.
Chemical Composition of E316LT1 Weld Deposit (%)
The chemical composition of E316LT1 weld deposit is defined by its molybdenum content. It stabilises this film against breakdown in chloride-rich environments.
| Element | Carbon (C) | Manganese (Mn) | Silicon (Si) | Chromium (Cr) | Nickel (Ni) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulfur (S) | Copper (Cu) | Iron (Fe) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AWS A5.22 Requirement | 0.04 max | 0.50-2.50 | 1.00 max | 17.0-20.0 | 11.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.04 max | 0.03 max | 0.75 max | Balance |
| Typical (Ar/CO2) | 0.03 | 1.20-1.40 | 0.60-0.70 | 18.40-19.00 | 12.00-12.30 | 2.30-2.90 | 0.01-0.019 | 0.006-0.01 | — | Balance |
At typical values (18.5% Cr, 2.5% Mo), the calculated PREN of the undiluted E316LT1 deposit is approximately 26.7 (comfortably above the 23 threshold needed for pitting resistance in ambient-temperature chloride solutions).
Mechanical Properties of E316LT1 Weld Deposit
The mechanical properties of E316LT1, including tensile and yield strength, elongation, and other important properties, per AWS A5.22, are provided in the table below:
| Property | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%) | Elongation (%) | Charpy V-Notch -20°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AWS A5.22 Requirement | ≥75,000 psi (520 MPa) | Not specified | ≥30% | Not required |
| Typical (Ar/CO2) | 85,000 psi (570 MPa) | 58,000-62,000 psi (400-430 MPa) | 34-40% | 46 J |
Yield and tensile strengths are marginally higher than E308LT1 deposits due to molybdenum solid-solution strengthening. Ferrite at 5-12 FN is similar to E308LT1, providing hot cracking resistance while preserving corrosion performance.
Base Metal Compatibility & P-Number Matrix for E316LT1
E316LT1-1/T1-4 is designed for joining Mo-bearing P-8 Group 1 austenitic stainless steels to themselves.
| Designator | Meaning |
|---|---|
| E | Electrode- carries welding current to the arc |
| 316L | Weld deposit: 18Cr-12Ni-2.5Mo low-carbon austenitic stainless. “L”= ≤0.04% C. Prevents sensitisation. |
| T | Tubular electrode (flux cored) |
| 1 | All-position capable (flat, horizontal, vertical-up, overhead). |
| -1 | Shielding gas: 100% CO2 |
| -4 | Shielding gas: 75-80% Ar / 20-25% CO2 mix |
Recommended Welding Parameters for E316LT1-1/T1-4
Excessive heat input during 316L welding accelerates sensitisation and can reduce molybdenum’s pitting protection. The following parameters balance penetration, productivity, and metallurgical quality on DCEP with a gas flow of 35-50 cfh (15-25 L/min).
| Diameter | Position | Wire Feed (ipm) | Current (A) | Voltage (V) | CTWD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.035″ (0.9 mm) | Flat / Horizontal | 365 | 130-140 | 24-25 | 1/2-3/4″ |
| 0.035″ (0.9 mm) | Vertical-Up | 310 | 110-120 | 22-23 | 1/2-3/4″ |
| 0.035″ (0.9 mm) | Overhead | 320 | 120-130 | 23-24 | 1/2-3/4″ |
| 0.045″ (1.2 mm) | Flat / Horizontal | 215-550 | 140-380 | 23-35 | 1/2-1″ |
| 0.045″ (1.2 mm) | Vertical-Up | 325 | 150-170 | 24-26 | 5/8-3/4″ |
| 0.045″ (1.2 mm) | Overhead | 425 | 175-195 | 25-27 | 5/8-3/4″ |
| 1/16″ (1.6 mm) | Flat / Horizontal | 125-615 | 150-410 | 24-36 | 5/8-1.25″ |
| 1/16″ (1.6 mm) | Vertical-Up | 220 | 190-210 | 25-26 | 5/8-3/4″ |
| 1/16″ (1.6 mm) | Overhead | 235 | 200-220 | 25-26 | 5/8-3/4″ |
Preheat is not required; keep base metal at a minimum 10°C (50°F). Maximum interpass temperature is 150°C (300°F), which is lower than E308LT1 (175°C) because Mo-bearing grades are more sensitisation-sensitive. Remove all chloride-containing marking paints, cutting fluids, and perspiration from the joint area before welding.
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Industrial Applications of E316LT1-1/T1-4 in Chloride and Corrosive Service
E316LT1-1/T1-4 316L welding wire serves industries where chloride exposure, pitting risk, and aggressive process chemistry demand molybdenum-bearing weld deposits.
- Seawater-exposed piping, platform structures, desalination heat exchangers, RO membrane housings, and brine handling systems all require Mo-bearing filler.
- Reactors, distillation columns, condensers, heat exchangers, and piping handling chloride-containing chemicals, HCl traces in mixed acid streams, and brine solutions rely on 316L joined with E316LT1.
- WFI systems, bioreactors, chromatography skids, and sterile CIP piping use 316L as the default pharmaceutical-grade stainless steel.
- Bleach plant environments expose stainless steel to chlorine dioxide (ClO₂), hypochlorite, and warm chloride solutions. 316L replaces 304L in bleach washers and filtrate tanks where pitting with non-Mo grades becomes uneconomical.
- 316L piping and vessels in separator systems, produced water treatment, and glycol regeneration handle formation water with dissolved chlorides.
- Condenser tubesheet welds, cooling water piping, FGD ductwork, and scrubber internals in seawater or brackish water circuits require 316L for chloride resistance.
Storage & Handling of E316LT1 Flux Cored Wire
At Nicorex Alloys, E316LT1 Flux Cored Wire is stored in vacuum-sealed, moisture-barrier bags at 15–25°C with humidity kept below 60% RH. Once opened, the wire should be used within one to two weeks or moved to a heated cabinet maintained at 40–50°C. Unlike some consumables, re-drying is not possible since the flux is enclosed within a metal sheath.
Handling requires clean, dry gloves and must avoid any contact with carbon steel surfaces. Surface contamination, particularly from fingerprints, cutting fluids, or coastal salt spray, is a serious concern for E316LT1. Chloride traces on the wire can introduce pitting directly into the weld deposit, undermining the very corrosion resistance the product is designed to deliver.
How to Order E316LT1-1/T1-4 Flux-Cored Welding Wire from Nicorex Alloys
When ordering E316LT1-1/T1-4, provide the following details:
- Wire Type - FCAW-G Tubular Wire for 316L Stainless Steel (E316LT1-1 / T1-4)
- Size - 0.9 mm / 1.2 mm / 1.6 mm — specify spool size (5 kg / 15 kg)
- Shielding Gas - T1-1: 100% CO₂ / T1-4: 75–80% Ar + 20–25% CO₂ — specify suffix
- Current Type - DCEP — specify wire feed speed and voltage per diameter
- Welding Position - All Positions (1G–6G) — specify if positional welding is required
- Material Grade - Low Carbon Mo-Bearing Austenitic FCAW Wire / UNS S31603 / AWS A5.22: E316LT1-1/T1-4 / W.Nr. 1.4430
- Quantity - Number of spools or total weight in kg
- Standard - AWS A5.22 / ASME SFA 5.22, EN ISO 17633-A: T 19 12 3 L, ASME Section IX
- Additional Requirements - Ultra-low carbon (C ≤ 0.03%), Mo content confirmation (2–3%), Ferrite Number (FN 4–12), NACE compliance, PMI, heat / lot traceability
- Delivery - Domestic / International (specify destination)
Frequently Asked Questions
Can E316LT1 be Used to Weld 304 Stainless Steel in Chloride-Containing Environments?
Yes, E316LT1 can produce a sound weld on 304/304L because the Cr-Ni balance is compatible. In chloride service, the correct approach is to specify 316L base metal throughout, welded with matching E316LT1.
What is the Maximum Service Temperature for E316LT1 Weld Deposits?
E316LT1 weld deposits perform reliably up to approximately 400°C (750°F) in continuous service.
How does E316LT1 differ from E317LT1 for Higher Chloride Concentrations?
E317LT1 deposits contain 3.0-4.0% Mo (vs 2.0-3.0% for E316LT1), producing a higher PREN of approximately 30-33. This extra molybdenum extends resistance to warm seawater, concentrated brine, and FeCl₃ solutions.
What Transition Filler should be Used When Cladding Carbon Steel with E316LT1?
Use E309LMoT (Mo-bearing 23Cr-12Ni-2Mo transition filler) for the first layer, then cap with E316LT1. E309LMoT compensates for iron dilution while maintaining molybdenum through the transition zone.
When Not to Use E316LT1-1/T1-4 Flux Cored Wire?
E316LT1 is not needed for welding 304/304L in non-chloride service. Using it where E308LT1 is sufficient adds 15-25% more cost (Mo-bearing consumables) without a functional benefit. It should not be used for dissimilar 316L-to-carbon steel joints. E316LT1 is also not recommended for continuous service above 400°C in the as-welded condition due to sigma phase and carbide precipitation.